Revision as of 11:28, 20 February 2021

Installation

Start the ssh daemon

Once up and running, you should check to see that you have a network connection. Once you do, enable connections via root to ssh:

nano /etc/sshd/ssh_config

Add the directive PermitRootLogin yes to the file. Once done, start the ssh daemon.

systemctl start sshd.service

You should now be able to connect via another machine with, say, access to this wiki. This will allow you to copy and paste commands instead of typing.

Prepare the disks

This guide assumes a RAID1 installation on a UEFI motherboard.

fdisk -l

The disks should be recognized as /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. Your boot USB should be recognized as /dev/sdc.

fdisk /dev/sda

If there are any existing partitions on the disk, delete them by pressing d. This will, of course, delete all data on the disk. Press p to see existing partitions. When there are none, let's create the EFI system partition.

n
<press enter>
<press enter>
+512M

Set the partition type to "EFI System".

t
1

Create a swap partition. This should be half the size of the RAM in your system. We will have a non-RAID swap partition on each disk. This provides the benefit of striping while still remaining redundant.

n
<press enter>
<press enter>
+16G

Set the partition type to swap.

t
<press enter>
19

Finally, create the root partition.

n
<press enter>
<press enter>
<press enter>

Set the type of filesystem to RAID.

t
<press enter>
29

Now that you have your pretty disk partitioned, save what you've done.

Finally, copy the partition table you've created to the second disk.

sfdisk -d /dev/sda | sfdisk /dev/sdb

Prepare filesystems

The EFI system partitions need to be formatted as FAT.

mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/sda1
mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/sdb1

Create the swap space on both drives.

mkswap /dev/sda2
swapon /dev/sda2
mkswap /dev/sdb2
swapon /dev/sdb2

Before we can create the filesystem for the root partition, we need to set up and enable the RAID.

mdadm --create --verbose --level=1 --metadata=1.2 --raid-devices=2 --name=root1 /dev/md0 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3

It's probably wise to let the RAID complete before formatting the filesystem. You can watch it sync up via

watch cat /proc/mdstat

Once it's done, create the filesystem.

mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0

Mount the file systems

Set the system clock.

timedatectl set-ntp true

First let's mount the newly created RAID root partition.

mount /dev/md0 /mnt

We now need to mount the ESP partition from the first disk as /efi.

mkdir /mnt/efi
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/efi

Install the base packages

This will create a base archlinux system on your newly created RAID root volume.

pacstrap /mnt base

Configure the system

genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
arch-chroot /mnt

Make a copy of the fstab in case of disk failure in the future:

cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.sda

Preserve your RAID configuration in the new installation.

mdadm --detail --scan >> /etc/mdadm.conf

It might also be helpful to add your email address to the file, and enable monitoring.

nano /etc/mdadm.conf

Adjust the MAILADDR and PROGRAM lines accordingly. The mdadm package will be required to assemble the array, so let's install it.

pacman -S mdadm

Configure the mdadm service to start at boot so monitoring alerts can be sent.

Next, set the time zone.

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Canada/Pacific /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc
nano /etc/locale.gen

Uncomment: en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8

locale-gen
nano /etc/locale.conf

add: LANG=en_US.UTF-8

nano /etc/hostname

add: system_name

nano /etc/hosts

add any relevant references for your local network.

ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules

Since our system is RAID, we need to add support for mdadm into the initramfs image.

nano /etc/mkinitcpio.conf

Find the HOOKS section and be sure to add mdadm before filesystems. Then, generate the image

mkinitcpio -p linux
passwd

Bootloader

pacman -S grub efibootmgr intel-ucode

Edit the grub configuration file so it loads the appropriate RAID modules.

nano /etc/default/grub

Add the following to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= section:

root=/dev/md0

Add the following to the GRUB_PRELOAD_MODULES section:

mdraid09 mdraid1x

Next we install the bootloader.

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB

For the sake of redundancy, we also need to install it on the other drive as well.

umount /efi
mount /dev/sdb1 /efi
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB

Make a backup of the fstab configuration with this drive's efi UUID.

genfstab >> /etc/fstab.sdb

Revert to the previous configuration.

umount /efi
mount /dev/sda1 /efi

Generate the configuration file.

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Start network at boot

systemctl enable dhcpcd

Reboot the system

exit
umount /mnt/efi
umount /mnt
reboot

Optional: RAID testing

During testing it was found that if mdadm_udev was used in the place of mdadm in the initramfs HOOKS configuration, the system would not boot.

Have a look at the /etc/fstab.sda and /etc/fstab.sdb files. In each, ensure that the correct efi entry is listed, and remove the swap dependency for the other drive.

Be sure to preserve a copy of the master fstab.

cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.raid

Failure of /dev/sda

Power off the system and remove the cable from /dev/sda. Start the system. It should fail on the missing efi and swap partitions.

Enter the root password to enter maintenance mode. Make the sdb fstab the primary and reboot.

cp /etc/fstab.sdb /etc/fstab
reboot

Your system should be up and running with the single drive. Once you have a replacement for the failed drive, you will need to boot with an iso image and copy the partition table to the new disk. If you're testing and you've reconnected the cable for the missing drive, mdadm might now automatically rebuilt it. To do so,

mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sda3

Watch as the rebuild completes.

watch cat /proc/mdstat

Failure of /dev/sdb

This did not yield, the expected result, the system ended at a GRUB screen (something wrong with efi installation on /dev/sdb or the initramfs image).

After booting with the iso image, it was necessary to remove and restart the RAID with the correct enumeration.

mdadm --stop /dev/md127
mdadm --assemble --force /dev/md0 /dev/sda3

Mount the volumes and chroot.

mount /dev/md0 /mnt
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/efi
arch-chroot /mnt

Re-generate the initramfs image.

mkinitcpio -p linux

Reinstall grub.

grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB

Reboot.

exit
umount /mnt/efi
umount /mnt
reboot

Upon reboot, you will run into a similar scenario as with when sda was missing (timeout on the missing swap). After the 90 second timeout, log in as root and copy the backup fstab.

cp /etc/fstab.sda /etc/fstab
reboot

The system should come up clean. Restore the raid fstab file:

cp /etc/fstab.raid /etc/fstab
shutdown -h now

Reconnect /dev/sdb and power on. As before, the RAID won't resume on its own, which is stupid. So kick that off.

mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb3

At this point we have demonstrated we can boot from either drive with some minor tinkering.

Synchronization of boot partitions

My initial thought was to do this via cron. But envision a scenario where a drive fails, the drive letters are reordered, and the script runs? That could be disastrous. So I think the script is run best ad-hoc, after reboots or changes to the system, as required. Here is a script to do this:

file: /usr/bin/syncefi

#/bin/bash
umount /efi
dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/sdb1 bs=64K conv=noerror,sync status=progress
mount /dev/sda1 /efi

After creating the script, make it executable

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/syncefi

Optional: configure the /home

This section assumes you have a 4-disk RAID5 configuration for /home, and assumes you have connected the drives. First ensure raid5 support is enabled:

modprobe raid5

Check the status of the array. Chances are it's already running, but under the wrong md value.

cat /proc/mdstat

Stop the array and start it up again under the correct name.

mdadm --stop /dev/md127
mdadm --assemble /dev/md1 /dev/sd[cdef]3

Preserve the configuration.

mdadm --detail --scan >> /etc/mdadm.conf
nano /etc/mdadm.conf

Remove any redundant entries, and ensure the correct md names are set. Next, mount the volume.

mount /dev/md1 /home

Generate a new version of fstab.

pacman -S arch-install-scripts
genfstab -U / >> /etc/fstab.home

Examine the new file and copy the entry for md1 into the other versions of the file. If you don't want the file system check running with every boot, be sure to end the entry with "0 0".

Basic system configuration

log in as root

Create a user

useradd -m -G wheel,audio -s /bin/bash gr0x0rd
passwd gr0x0rd

Set up sudo

pacman -S sudo
nano /etc/sudoers

comment out wheel group

exit

ssh daemon

log in as gr0x0rd

sudo pacman -S polkit
sudo pacman -S openssh
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

change port 22 to 2112 and disable root login

sudo systemctl start sshd
sudo systemctl enable sshd

Cron

sudo pacman -S cronie
sudo systemctl enable cronie
sudo systemctl start cronie

smtp server

sudo pacman -S msmtp msmtp-mta

To set up msmtp to work with shawmail, use the following settings.
file: /etc/msmtprc

# Set default values for all following accounts.
defaults
#auth           on
#tls            on
#tls_trust_file /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
#tls_starttls   off
logfile        ~/.msmtp.log
auto_from       on
maildomain      gr0x0rd.com

# Gmail
account        gmail
host           smtp.gmail.com
port           587
from           gr0x0rd@gmail.com
user           gr0x0rd
password       supersecretpassword

# shawmail
account         shawmail
host            mail.shaw.ca
port            25
domain          gr0x0rd.com

# lightspeed
account		lightspeed
host		mail.lightspeed.ca
port		587
domain		gr0x0rd.com

# Set a default account
#account default : gmail
#account default : shawmail
account default : lightspeed

antivirus

sudo pacman -S clamav
sudo systemctl enable clamav-daemon.service
sudo systemctl start clamav-daemon.service
sudo freshclam

Arch User Repository

sudo pacman -S --needed base-devel
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/aur
sudo pacman -S git
sudo chmod -R 777 /usr/local/aur

Yay

Yay is a package manager for aur, similar to pacman, which can be used to facilitate management of aur packages on your system.

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
cd yay
makepkg -si

After yay has been installed, you can use it to install packages listed in the aur via

yay -S <packagename>

Enable multilib

sudo nano /etc/pacman.conf

uncomment [multilib] and Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

Tools

sudo pacman -S dnsutils

Desktop environment

Graphic driver

sudo pacman -S nvidia nvidia-settings
sudo mkinitcpio 
sudo reboot

confirm the system is using the nvidia driver via lspci -v

Window Manager

sudo pacman -S xorg xterm
sudo pacman -S xfce4 xfce4-goodies gvfs gvfs-afc udisks2 file-roller ark xarchiver thunar-volman
sudo nano /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc

add: exec startxfce4

sudo pacman -S lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter
sudo nano /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

add to [Seat:*] section: greeter-session=lightdm-yourgreeter-greeter

sudo systemctl enable lightdm

reboot or start the desktop environment via startxfce4

sudo pacman -S ttf-dejavu

resolves messed up terminal fonts in xfce

Multiple Displays

Despite the nvidia-generated xorg.conf file articulating the various displays and layouts, newer versions of xfce did not play nicely with the configuration. The solution was to use xfce's display manager. In order to get the xfce display manager to recognize the screens properly, xrandr had to be used.

$ xrandr

The output only displayed one screen; the others needed to be added.

$ xrandr --output DVI-D-0 --right-of HDMI-0
$ xrandr --output DP-0 --mode 1280x1024 --rate 60.02
$ xrandr --output DP-0 --right-of DVI-D-0

The screens were not recognized, and could be managed via the xfce display manager (Settings->Display).

compiz

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/compiz.git
cd compiz
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/emerald.git
cd emerald
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur 
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/emerald-themes.git 
cd emerald-themes
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur 
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/fusion-icon.git
cd fusion-icon
makepkg -si

Once compiz is running, xfce seems to "remember" it, even after logon/off. To start it

compiz --replace &

There is a bug in the xfce panel where it squishes the multiple desktop viewport. For that, a patched version of the panel is needed.

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/xfce4-panel-compiz.git
cd xfce4-panel-compiz
makepkg -si

Sound

sudo pacman -S alsa-utils lib32-libpulse lib32-alsa-plugins alsa-oss
alsamixer

unmute the master, set the volume to a decent level

Basic desktop software

sudo pacman -S firefox gedit libreoffice-fresh epdfview gftp xfce4-screenshooter

Brave browser

Prerequisites.

sudo pacman -S gconf gtk3 libgnome-keyring libxss nss
cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/brave-bin.git 
cd brave-bin
makepkg -si

Google chrome browser

Let's face it, now that Google have fired James Damore and removed "don't be evil" from their terms of service, use this browser as little as possible...

cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/google-chrome.git 
cd google-chrome
makepkg -si

Image viewer

sudo pacman -S eog

Screen saver

sudo pacman -S xscreensaver xfce4-power-manager

Disable screensaver when playing video in browser

This is best accomplished using caffeine-ng.

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/python-ewmh.git
cd python-ewmh
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur
git https://aur.archlinux.org/caffeine-ng.git 
cd caffeine-ng
makepkg -si

Multimedia

sudo pacman -S pulseaudio xfce4-pulseaudio-plugin pavucontrol pulseaudio-alsa gst-plugins-good
sudo pacman -S mplayer vlc ffmpeg kodi mencoder devede

vlc chromecast support

sudo pacman -S libmicrodns protobuf

Torrent client

sudo pacman -S transmission-gtk transmission-cli

Password Manager

cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/password-gorilla.git
cd /usr/local/aur/password-gorilla
makepkg -si

Synergy

Allows you to control another computer using the keyboard/mouse from the server. Needs to be installed on the server and client.

cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/qsynergy.git
cd qsynergy
makepkg -si

Mobile devices

Android

To mount android phones under xfce using Thunar, you'll need...

sudo pacman -S gvfs gvfs-mtp

A GUI based too that I haven't figured out how to use is

sudo pacman -S android-file-transfer

iPhone

Install the package so that thunar can pick up iOS devices.

pacman -S gvfs-afc

TODO: This isn't work- the photos didn't show up after mounting, some other files did. Maybe there is some way to initiate the storage access as happens in windows?

Bluetooth headset

Install the bluetooth stack.

sudo pacman -S bluez bluez-utils bluez-libs

Load the bluetooth kernel module

sudo modprobe btusb

Enable and start the service

sudo systemctl enable bluetooth.service
sudo systemctl start bluetooth.service

Install the components for a bluetooth headset.

sudo pacman -S pulseaudio-bluetooth pulseaudio-alsa

After this, the headset was available as an output device in volume control through the pulseaudio stack.

Java

sudo pacman -S jre-openjdk

Remote display connections

To log into an X session remotely using Microsoft's RDP client, xrdp is an ideal solution. First install prereqs.

sudo pacman -S fuse lame libxrandr opus tigervnc nasm rdesktop freerdp

Install xrdp.

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/xrdp.git
cd xrdp
makepkg -si

Configure the service to start at boot and start the service.

sudo systemctl enable xrdp
sudo systemctl start xrdp

Configure and start the VNC service.

vncserver

Create a password as per the prompts. When done, kill the server.

vncserver -kill :1

TODO: complete this

Audio over chromecast

Audio works when casting a tab in chrome, but not for casting apps or your entire desktop, because let's face it- google sucks. In order to get that feature working, you'll need a handy tool call mkchromecast. First, some dependencies...

sudo pacman -S python-pyqt5

The rest you'll need from AUR.

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/python-casttube.git
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/python-pychromecast.git
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/mkchromecast.git
cd python-casttube
makepkg -si 
cd..
cd python-pychromecast
makepkg -si 
cd ..
cd mkchromecast
makepkg -si

Once installed, you can run mkchromecast from the menu, and it will appear in the system tray. To cast, you'll need to direct your audio to mkchromecast using your favourite audio mixer.

Server settings

System monitor

sudo pacman -S conky

restored .conkyrc from backup. Here's a sample .conkyrc:

--################################
--
-- gr0x0rds .conkyrc
--
--################################ 

conky.config = {
	double_buffer = true, -- stops flickering
	alignment = 'bottom_right',
	xinerama_head = 2,
	update_interval = 3.0,
	own_window = true,
	own_window_transparent = false,
	own_window_class = 'conky', -- override -- conky 
	own_window_type = 'desktop', -- override -- normal  
	own_window_type = 'normal',
	own_window_hints = 'undecorated,below,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager',
	own_window_argb_visual = true, -- this provides transparency
	own_window_argb_value = 0,
};

conky.text = [[
${alignc}$nodename - $sysname $kernel on $machine
${color darkslateblue}System${hr 1}
${color steelblue}Uptime:$color $uptime ${alignr}${color steelblue}Load:$color $loadavg
${alignr}${color}Mem usage       PID    CPU%   MEM%    CPU usage       PID    CPU%   MEM%
${alignr}${color #ddaa00} ${top_mem name 1}${top_mem pid 1} ${top_mem cpu 1} ${top_mem mem 1}    ${top name 1}${top pid 1} ${top cpu 1} ${top mem 1}
${alignr}${color steelblue} ${top_mem name 2}${top_mem pid 2} ${top_mem cpu 2} ${top_mem mem 2}    ${top name 2}${top pid 2} ${top cpu 2} ${top mem 2}
${alignr}${color steelblue} ${top_mem name 3}${top_mem pid 3} ${top_mem cpu 3} ${top_mem mem 3}    ${top name 3}${top pid 3} ${top cpu 3} ${top mem 3}
${alignr}${color steelblue} ${top_mem name 4}${top_mem pid 4} ${top_mem cpu 4} ${top_mem mem 4}    ${top name 4}${top pid 4} ${top cpu 4} ${top mem 4}
${color steelblue}Swap Usage:$color $swap${color steelblue}/$color$swapmax - $swapperc% ${swapbar}
${color steelblue}RAM Usage:$color $mem${color steelblue}/$color$memmax - $memperc% ${membar}
${color steelblue}Processes:$color $processes  ${alignr}${color steelblue}Running:$color $running_processes
# --- cpu settings --- #
${color darkslateblue}${exec cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'model name' | sed -e 's/.*: //' | uniq}${hr 1}
${color #ddaa00}Core1 ${color steelblue}Frequency: $color${freq cpu1} ${color steelblue}MHz          ${alignr}Temperature: ${color}${execi 3 sensors | grep "Core 0:" | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c1-2} ${color steelblue}C
${color steelblue}Usage:${color #cc2222} ${cpu cpu1}% ${cpubar cpu1}
${color red}${cpugraph cpu1 0000ff 00ff00}
${color #ddaa00}Core2 ${color steelblue}Frequency: $color${freq cpu1} ${color steelblue}MHz          ${alignr}Temperature: ${color}${execi 3 sensors | grep "Core 1:" | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c1-2} ${color steelblue}C
${color steelblue}Usage:${color #cc2222} ${cpu cpu2}% ${cpubar cpu2}
${color red}${cpugraph cpu2 0000ff 00ff00}
${color #ddaa00}Core3 ${color steelblue}Frequency: $color${freq cpu1} ${color steelblue}MHz          ${alignr}Temperature: ${color}${execi 3 sensors | grep "Core 2:" | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c1-2} ${color steelblue}C
${color steelblue}Usage:${color #cc2222} ${cpu cpu3}% ${cpubar cpu3}
${color red}${cpugraph cpu3 0000ff 00ff00}
${color #ddaa00}Core4 ${color steelblue}Frequency: $color${freq cpu1} ${color steelblue}MHz          ${alignr}Temperature: ${color}${execi 3 sensors | grep "Core 3:" | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c1-2} ${color steelblue}C
${color steelblue}Usage:${color #cc2222} ${cpu cpu4}% ${cpubar cpu4}
${color red}${cpugraph cpu4 0000ff 00ff00}
${color #ddaa00}Core5 ${color steelblue}Frequency: $color${freq cpu1} ${color steelblue}MHz          ${alignr}Temperature: ${color}${execi 3 sensors | grep "Core 4:" | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c1-2} ${color steelblue}C
${color steelblue}Usage:${color #cc2222} ${cpu cpu3}% ${cpubar cpu5}
${color red}${cpugraph cpu5 0000ff 00ff00}
${color #ddaa00}Core6 ${color steelblue}Frequency: $color${freq cpu1} ${color steelblue}MHz          ${alignr}Temperature: ${color}${execi 3 sensors | grep "Core 5:" | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c1-2} ${color steelblue}C
${color steelblue}Usage:${color #cc2222} ${cpu cpu4}% ${cpubar cpu6}
${color red}${cpugraph cpu6 0000ff 00ff00}
# --- graphics settings --- #
${color darkslateblue}nVidia Corporation ${execi 10 nvidia-smi | grep "GeForce" | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c8-22}0 Ti${hr 1}
#${color steelblue}Max GPU Frequency: ${color}1683${color steelblue} MHz${alignr}${color steelblue}Memory Frequency: ${color}2002${color steelblue} MHz
${color steelblue}GPU Temperature: ${color}${execi 10 nvidia-smi -q -d TEMPERATURE | grep "GPU Current" | grep C | cut -d+ -f2 | cut -c39-40} ${color steelblue}C${alignr}${color steelblue}Fan Speed: ${color}${execi 10 nvidia-smi | grep "%" | cut -c3-4} ${color steelblue}%
# --- wireless settings --- #
#${color darkslateblue}Wi-Fi${hr 1}
#${color steelblue}SSID: $color${wireless_essid wlan0}${color steelblue}     Strength: $color${wireless_link_qual wlan0} ${alignr} ${color steelblue}IP address: $color${addr wlan0}
# --- traffic settings --- #
${color darkslateblue}Traffic${hr 1}
${color #ddaa00}Port(s)${alignr}#Connections
$color Inbound: ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 count} Outbound: ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 count} ${alignr}ALL: ${tcp_portmon 1 65535 count}
${color #ddaa00}Inbound Connection ${alignr} Local Service/Port$color
 ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 0} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 0}
 ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 1} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 1}
 ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 2} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 2}
 ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 3} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 3}
 ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 4} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 4}
# ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 5} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 5}
${color #ddaa00}Outbound Connection ${alignr} Remote Service/Port$color
 ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 0} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 0}
 ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 1} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 1}
 ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 2} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 2}
 ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 3} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 3}
 ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 4} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 4}
# ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 5} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 5}
# --- bandwidth settings --- #
${color darkslateblue}Bandwidth${hr 1}
#${color steelblue}wlan0${alignr}${color #8844ee}Down: ${downspeed wlan0}
#${color #0000ff}${downspeedgraph wlan0 10,* ff0000 0000ff}
#${alignr}${color #22ccff}Up:   ${upspeed wlan0}
#${upspeedgraph wlan0 10,* 0000ff ff0000}
${color steelblue}eth0${alignr}${color #8844ee}Down: ${downspeed eth0}
${color #0000ff}${downspeedgraph eth0 ff0000 0000ff} 
${alignr}${color #22ccff}Up:   ${upspeed eth0}
${upspeedgraph eth0 0000ff ff0000}
# --- file system settings ---#
${color darkslateblue}File Systems${hr 1}${color #ddaa00}
Device    Used     Size    ${alignr}%Free${color}
/         ${fs_used /}  ${fs_size /}   ${fs_free_perc /} ${fs_bar /}
/home     ${fs_used /home}  ${fs_size /home}  ${fs_free_perc /home} ${fs_bar /home}
#/dev/sda ${alignr}${color steelblue}Temperature: ${color}${hddtemp /dev/sda}${color steelblue} C
# --- drive temperature --- #
${color darkslateblue}Drive Temperature${hr 1}${color #ddaa00}
${alignr}${color steelblue}/dev/sdc: $color${execi 10 nc localhost 7634 | cut -c32-33} ${color steelblue}C /dev/sdd: $color${execi 10 nc localhost 7634 | cut -c66-67} ${color steelblue}C /dev/sde: $color${execi 10 nc localhost 7634 | cut -c100-101} ${color steelblue}C /dev/sdf: $color${execi 10 nc localhost 7634 | cut -c136-137} ${color steelblue}C
#${execi 10 nc localhost 7634}
# --- UPS status --- #
${color darkslateblue}UPS Status${hr 1}
${alignr}${apcupsd localhost 3551}${color #ddaa00}Status: $color${apcupsd_status} ${color #ddaa00}Load: $color${apcupsd_load} ${color #ddaa00}% Charge: $color${apcupsd_charge} ${color #ddaa00}% Time Remaining: $color${apcupsd_timeleft} ${color #ddaa00}minutes
]]

Hard disk temperature monitoring

sudo pacman -S hddtemp netcat

In order to monitor more than the first drive found in the system, a systemctl override is required.

sudo systemctl edit hddtemp.service

Add the following:

[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/hddtemp -dF /dev/sda /dev/sdb /dev/sdc ... /dev/sdx

Save the file and reload the systemctl daemon

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable hddtemp
sudo systemctl start hddtemp

You can now use the netcat command to display hard disk temperature in conky:

nc localhost 7634

UPS

sudo pacman -S apcupsd

restore /etc/apcupsd/apcupsd.conf from backup

sudo systemctl enable apcupsd.service
sudo systemctl start apcupsd.service

NFS Server

sudo pacman -S nfs-utils

/etc/exports was copied from backup

sudo systemctl enable nfs-server.service
sudo systemctl start nfs-server.service

Samba Server

sudo pacman -S samba

Create your /etc/samba/smb.conf . Example file:

#######################
#
# gr0x0rd's smb.conf
#
#######################

[global]
workgroup = CYBERTRON
netbios name = TELETRAN5
server string = Samba Server %v
printcap name = cups
printing = cups
load printers = no
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
max log size = 50
socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=65536 SO_SNDBUF=65536
interfaces = lo eth0
bind interfaces only = yes
hosts allow = 127.0.0.1 192.168.78.
hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/0
security = user
guest ok = yes

	log level = 1                       
	read raw = yes                     
	write raw = yes                     
	oplocks = yes                       
	max xmit = 65535                    
	dead time = 15                     
	getwd cache = yes

#vfs object = vscan-clamav
#vscan-clamav: config-file = /etc/samba/vscan-clamav.conf

[private]
comment = Cybertron Repository
valid users = gr0x0rd
browseable = yes
writeable = yes
public = no
create mode = 0766
guest ok = no
path = /home/gr0x0rd

[public]
comment = public
browseable = yes
writeable = no
public = no
create mode = 0766
guest ok = no
path = /home/gr0x0rd/Videos
veto files = /home/gr0x0rd/Videos/tv

Create a samba user.

sudo smbpasswd -a samba_user

Configure and start the service.

sudo systemctl enable smb.service
sudo systemctl enable nmb.service
sudo systemctl start smb.service
sudo systemctl start nmb.service

Printing

Install cups (maybe it's already been pulled in by other packages?)

sudo pacman -S cups

Once cups is installed, enable and start the service.

sudo systemctl enable cups.service
sudo systemctl start cups.service

We will also need some drivers and additional components:

sudo pacman -S foomatic-db cups-filters

Once everything is installed, you can access the CUPS interface. Click "Administration" and enter your login creds when prompted to access the Admin UI. Click the "Add Printer" button to add your printer. In order to add it successfully, you'll need to download a .ppd file from your printer's manufacturer or openprinting.org.

Database server

sudo pacman -S mariadb
sudo mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql
sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service
sudo systemctl start mariadb.service
sudo mysql_secure_installation

Backup mySQL

#!/bin/sh
datum=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d-%H`
/usr/bin/mysqldump --user=root --password=password --lock-all-tables \
--all-databases | gzip -9 > /path/to/backup-${datum}.sql.gz

Restore database from backup

gunzip < mysql_backup.sql.gz | mysql -u root -p

passwords for users did not work after restore. accounts had to be deleted and re-created. permissions persisted after restoring.

Web Server

sudo pacman -S apache
sudo systemctl enable httpd.service
sudo systemctl start httpd.service

php

sudo pacman -S php php-apache
sudo nano /etc/php/php.ini

enable: date.timezone = America/Vancouver enable: short_open_tag = On enable: display_errors = On enable: open_basedir = /srv/http/

sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

comment the line: LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so

uncomment the line: LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so

add the following to the LoadModule list:

LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so

AddHandler php7-script .php

add the following to the Include list:

Include conf/extra/php7_module.conf

Include conf/vhosts/*.conf

sudo mkdir /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts

copy the backups from the previous vhosts to the above folder and edit accordingly

sudo systemctl restart httpd

LetsEncypt certificate management

sudo pacman -S certbot certbot-apache
sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-acme.conf

paste the contents from https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Certbot#Apache

sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

add: Include conf/extra/httpd-acme.conf

sudo systemctl restart httpd
sudo certbot certonly --email gr0x0rd@gmail.com --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ -d gr0x0rd.com,blog.gr0x0rd.com,1291.gr0x0rd.com,pool.gr0x0rd.com,wiki.gr0x0rd.com,www.gr0x0rd.com,build.gr0x0rd.com,ums.gr0x0rd.com

certs are now available at /etc/letsencrypt/live/gr0x0rd.com

note: to add a new cert, simply add the new subdomain to the above command and run it again.

private key: privkey.pem

cert: cert.pem

chain: chain.pem (for nginx)

fullchain: fullchain.pem

sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

uncomment: LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

uncomment: LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so

uncomment: Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf

uncomment: LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

sudo nano /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf

add: SSLCertificateFile "/etc/letsencrypt/live/gr0x0rd.com/cert.pem"

add: SSLCertificateKeyFile "/etc/letsencrypt/live/gr0x0rd.com/privkey.pem"

add: SSLCertificateChainFile "/etc/letsencrypt/live/gr0x0rd.com/fullchain.pem"

add the same directives to the secure directive area in the applicable vhost file

sudo systemctl restart httpd

Automatic renewal was attempted via the approach documented at https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Certbot#Automatic_renewal, but that didn't seem to work. Alternatively, a manual approach was taken to do this. It was found that when the renewal process was run, the provisioning side was unable to confirm all of the hosted sites due to the login/password restrictions. A mechanism around this was to create .conf files for those sites without login restriction, restart the webserver, update the certs, then roll back the .conf file changes and restart the web server yet again. Here was the final result:

file: /usr/bin/certrenew

#!/bin/bash
# this script removes the authentication settings from the vhosts
# on the server, restarts the apache service, renews the certificates, 
# restores the authentication settings and restart apache again.
# start by removing authentication from the vhosts.
cp /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/01_wiki.gr0x0rd.com.conf.noauth /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/01_wiki.gr0x0rd.com.conf
cp /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/02_blog.gr0x0rd.com.conf.noauth /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/02_blog.gr0x0rd.com.conf
cp /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/03_1291.gr0x0rd.com.conf.noauth /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/03_1291.gr0x0rd.com.conf
mv /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/05_ums.gr0x0rd.com.conf /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/05_ums.gr0x0rd.com.conf.ignore
# restart httpd
systemctl restart httpd
# sites are now open- renew the certs.
sleep 5
/usr/bin/certbot renew 
# restore the authentication files.
cp /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/01_wiki.gr0x0rd.com.conf.auth /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/01_wiki.gr0x0rd.com.conf
cp /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/02_blog.gr0x0rd.com.conf.auth /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/02_blog.gr0x0rd.com.conf
cp /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/03_1291.gr0x0rd.com.conf.auth /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/03_1291.gr0x0rd.com.conf
mv /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/05_ums.gr0x0rd.com.conf.ignore /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/05_ums.gr0x0rd.com.conf
# restart httpd again.
systemctl restart httpd

Mediawiki

sudo pacman -S mediawiki imagemagick php-gd php-intl
sudo nano /etc/php/php.ini

add: /var/lib/mediawiki/:/usr/share/webapps/:/tmp/:/usr/bin/ to the open_basedir directive

uncomment: extension=gd

uncomment: extension=intl

uncomment: extension=iconv

uncomment: extension=mysqli

uncomment: session.save_path = "/tmp"

sudo mkdir -p /srv/http/mediawiki
sudo cp -r /usr/share/webapps/mediawiki/* /srv/http/mediawiki/

create the necessary file in /etc/httpd/conf/vhosts/

sudo systemctl restart httpd

Upgrading Mediawiki

Make a backup of your current database and filesystem:

sudo cp -r /srv/http/mediawiki /srv/http/mediawiki.bak

Copy the new files and folders to the instance:

sudo cp -r /usr/share/webapps/mediawiki/* /srv/http/mediawiki

Run the update script:

cd /srv/http/mediawiki/maintenance
sudo php update.php

Wordpress

sudo pacman -S wordpress
sudo mkdir -p /srv/http/wordpress
sudo cp -r /usr/share/webapps/wordpress/* /srv/http/wordpress/

If you have any backed up content or an existing site, copy the relevant files (such as wp-content) to the new instance.

There are a number of php extensions that need to be enabled for wordpress to work properly. If you've already completed the steps above, these should all be ready to go.

When satisfied, create the applicable vhosts file in apache and...

sudo systemctl restart httpd

Upgrading Wordpress

Before getting started, back up your environment.

sudo cp -r /srv/http/wordpress /srv/http/wordpress.bak

Upgrade the environment based on the updated wordpress packages.

sudo cp -r /usr/share/webapps/wordpress/* /srv/http/wordpress/

Head to your browser and log into the instance. You'll be prompted to upgrade the database. Once done, deal with the fallout.

Universal Media Server

sudo pacman -S jdk8-openjdk
sudo pacman -S dcraw lib32-gcc-libs 
sudo nano /etc/pacman.conf

uncomment [multilib] and Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

sudo pacman -Syu
sudo pacman -S lib32-freetype2
cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/lib32-libmng.git
/usr/local/aur/lib32-libmng
gpg --recv-keys F54984BFA16C640F
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/lib32-qt4.git
cd /usr/local/aur/lib32-qt4
makepkg -si
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/tsmuxer-ng-bin.git
cd /usr/local/aur/tsmuxer-ng-bin
makepkg -si
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/ums.git
cd /usr/local/aur/ums
makepkg -si

copy the .config/UMS from backup to the desired location.

create the file /usr/lib/systemd/system/ums.service

copy the contents from http://www.universalmediaserver.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=1240&start=10#p7392 to the file and save it

change the user "UMS" to running user

sudo systemctl enable ums.service
sudo systemctl start ums.service

Plex Media Server

cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/plex-media-server-plexpass.git
cd /usr/local/aur/plex-media-server-plexpass
makepkg -si

Arch does not apply any group or user permissions to home directories when users are created. For PMS to read media in my home folder, I had to add

chmod +rx /home/gr0x0rd

Enable and start the service

sudo systemctl enable plexmediaserver.service
sudo systemctl start plexmediaserver.service

To restore previous library configuration, overwrite the contents of the "Plex Media Server" folder with your backup.

OTA TV

For this setup I used a Hauppage WinTV DualHD USB TV tuner, model 01595. After insertion, dmesg indicated the kernel picked up the device, but a few things were necessary to get things up and running:

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/linuxtv-dvb-apps.git
cd linuxtv-dvb-apps
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/w_scan2.git
cd w_scan2
makepkg -si

After this w_scan reported inability to load the driver, so...

sudo modprobe dvb_usb_rtl28xxu
sudo modprobe rtl2830
sudo modprobe rtl2832

w_scan was able to find channels after this. Another fantastic troubleshooting application is kaffeine. Note that after migrating from w_scan to w_scan2, it took some fiddling to get kaffeine working again. It wasn't possible to change the source in the channels modal, and then all of a sudden it was...

sudo pacman -S kaffeine

In order for plex to pick up the TV tuner and add it to the DVR configuration, the plex user needs to be part of the video group.

sudo gpasswd -a plex video

Restart the plex service to pick up these changes.

Virtualbox

sudo pacman -S virtualbox virtualbox-guest-iso 
sudo pacman -S linux-headers
cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/virtualbox-ext-oracle.git 
makepkg -si
sudo modprobe vboxdrv
sudo modprobe vboxnetadp
sudo modprobe vboxnetflt
sudo modprobe vboxpci
sudo gpasswd -a gr0x0rd vboxusers

splunk

cd /usr/local/aur/
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/splunk.git 
cd splunk
makepkg -si
sudo systemctl enable splunk
sudo systemctl start splunk

Gaming

The following nvidia packages were required before anything worked, really.

sudo pacman -S nvidia-libgl
sudo pacman -S lib32-nvidia-libgl

playonlinux

sudo pacman -S playonlinux

steam

Install an appropriate multilib opengl driver and compatible fonts, in addition to steam.

sudo pacman -S lib32-nvidia-utils ttf-liberation steam

On first run, some library errors came up.

sudo pacman -S lib32-libva lib32-libvdpau

streaming

LazyMan

LazyMan is great for streaming live NHL games.

cd /usr/local/aur
git clone git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/python-iso3166.git
cd python-iso3166
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/python-iso639.git
cd python-iso639
makepkg -si
cd /usr/local/aur
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/streamlink-git.git 
cd streamlink-git
makepkg -si
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/lazyman.git 
cd lazyman
makepkg -si

Download the latest lazyman from https://www.reddit.com/r/LazyMan/wiki/downloads . Once downloaded, extract the zip. Place the jar file where ever you like.

ping -c 3 powersports.ml
sudo nano /etc/hosts

Based on the IP the results, add the appropriate entries to your hosts file.

ip.from.previous.command mf.svc.nhl.com
ip.from.previous.command mlb-ws-mf.media.mlb.com
ip.from.previous.command playback.svcs.mlb.com

If the version you've downloaded is newer than that in the AUR repository, simply create a symbolic link to the newer version:

cd /usr/share/java/lazyman/
sudo ln -s /path/to/lazyman/LazyMan.jar LazyMan.jar

LazyMan can now be run from the desktop shortcut created by the AUR package.

Tips & Tricks

Installing older versions of packages

Find the package via https://archive.archlinux.org/packages/ . Once you've found it, copy the link. Install via

sudo pacman -U <url>

If you can't find the package in the archives, you may also be able to find an older version in your pacman cache at /var/cache/pacman/pkg/.

Xfce panel not responding

If the panel stops responding to mouse or keyboard commands, restart it via

xfce4-panel -r

Run compiz on secondary screen

If compiz runs on your primary screen only try this to get it running on the other:

compiz --replace --display :0.1

Difference between revisions of "Archlinux configuration"

Revision as of 11:28, 20 February 2021

Installation

Start the ssh daemon

Prepare the disks

Prepare filesystems

Mount the file systems

Install the base packages

Configure the system

Bootloader

Start network at boot

Reboot the system

Optional: RAID testing

Failure of /dev/sda

Failure of /dev/sdb

Synchronization of boot partitions

Optional: configure the /home

Basic system configuration

Create a user

Set up sudo

ssh daemon

Cron

smtp server

antivirus

Arch User Repository

Yay

Enable multilib

Tools

Desktop environment

Graphic driver

Window Manager

Multiple Displays

compiz

Sound

Basic desktop software

Brave browser

Google chrome browser

Image viewer

Screen saver

Disable screensaver when playing video in browser

Multimedia

vlc chromecast support

Torrent client

Password Manager

Synergy

Mobile devices

Android

iPhone

Bluetooth headset

Java

Remote display connections

Audio over chromecast

Server settings

System monitor

Hard disk temperature monitoring

UPS

NFS Server

Samba Server

Printing

Database server

Backup mySQL

Restore database from backup

Web Server

php

LetsEncypt certificate management

Mediawiki

Upgrading Mediawiki

Wordpress

Upgrading Wordpress

Universal Media Server

Plex Media Server

OTA TV

Virtualbox

splunk

Gaming

playonlinux

steam

streaming

LazyMan

Tips & Tricks